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easel painting (n)
a small painting on canvas, often executed on an easel and usually
intended to be framed and hung on a wall, although it may be displayed
on an easel |
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Fauvism (n)
movement that flourished in France among a group of young artists,
among them Henri Matisse, from
1898 to 1908. Fauvist art is characterized by pure, brilliant
color, which is often applied straight from the paint tube in
an aggressive, direct manner. Like the Impressionists,
the Fauves painted from nature, but Fauvist works contained strong
expressive feelings. First formally exhibited in Paris in 1905,
Fauvist paintings shocked one critic, who perceived the works
as violent and savage and dubbed their makers "Les Fauves"
("the wild beasts").
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film noir (n)
French for "black film": a style
of American cinema (often in black-and-white, but also black in
mood) that developed during and after World War II. Related to the
crime and gangster sagas of the 1930s, classic film noir emphasizes
the brutal and dark sides of human nature. Story lines frequently
feature a male character who encounters a beautiful, promiscuous
woman who uses her sex appeal to manipulate him into committing
murder. Film noir is marked by expressionistic lighting and disorienting
visual scenes. |
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Flanders
medieval country along
the coast of what is now Belgium and adjacent parts of France and
the Netherlands |
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French Baroque clown
(n)
a clown modeled on the character of Pierrot (or Pedrolino), the
French clown with a bald head, flour-whitened face, and white costume
who appeared during the latter part of the 17th century. First created
as a butt for Harlequin, the acrobatic trickster, Pierrot was gradually
softened and sentimentalized. Pantomime Jean-Baptiste- Gaspard Deburau
took on the character in the early 19th century and created the
famous lovesick, melancholy clown who has since remained part of
clown history. |
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Sigmund Freud (1856-1939)
Austrian neurologist who founded psychoanalysis, the structure of
theories about the relation between conscious and unconscious psychological
processes |
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German Expressionist (adj)
relating to the movement in German art from about 1905 until about
1930 that favored distortion and exaggeration of shape and color
to express emotion. Expressionist tendencies were first seen in
the work of Vincent
van Gogh and Norwegian artist Edvard Munch (1863-1944).
German Expressionists sometimes paired harsh colors and strong lines
with socially significant subjects. Others, such as the Russian
artist Vasily Kandinksy, who immigrated
to Berlin, emphasized elements of spirituality, using color to move
viewers beyond the physical world to a state of emotion. |
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gestural (adj)
of or relating to the movement of the body to express
an idea, sentiment, or attitude; in the application of paint,
the use of sweeping, expansive movements in which the gestures
of the artist's hand are evident. Abstract
Expressionist painting, with its expressive brushwork,
is often described as gestural.
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Gothic Revival (n)
term used to describe the early-19th-century movement
in architecture and the decorative arts inspired by the Gothic
style, which flourished
from the 12th to 15th centuries and is characterized by an aesthetic
emphasizing verticality and height and features such as the pointed
arch and flying buttress. The 19th-century Gothic Revival was
felt most strongly in the design of churches, university campuses,
and government buildings.
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graffiti (n, pl)
inscriptions or drawings made on public surfaces, such as
buildings, fences, sidewalks, etc.
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